Diabetes and emergency first aid

First of all, to judge the patients belong to the common following the accident and what kind of diabetes
1, ketosis and ketoacidosis
(1) mechanism: As the shortage of insulin, the cells can be used to reduce the energy, leading to speed up the decomposition of body fat. Ketone body fat is to break down after the material, normal little content in the blood, hardly a test. When the fat to speed up decomposition, ketones in the blood increased significantly, that is called ketosis. At this time, it will become acidic blood, called ketoacidosis, and severe cases occur in a coma.
(2) performance:
① suffering from a variety of infections in vulnerable or all of a sudden suspension of the treatment of diabetes occurred.
② loss of appetite, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting.
③ drowsiness, confusion, the better to speed up breathing, bad breath, such as Ping Guowei, the last occurrence in a coma.
④ laboratory examination: high blood sugar, blood ketone body emerged, blood becomes acidic.
2, hypoglycemia, low blood sugar coma
(1) mechanism
① diabetes drug treatment of oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin injection methods. The results are easy to make to lower blood sugar. However, if the improper use, so that blood sugar drop too much, it would cause the occurrence of low blood sugar.
② If the patient due to various reasons, poor appetite, or not eating, diarrhea, vomiting, but usually in accordance with the level of use of hypoglycemic agents or insulin injections, not only出现低血糖reaction, severe cases can cause low blood sugar coma .
(2) to identify hypoglycemia
① flustered, cold sweat, trembling body.
② abnormal fasting or hunger, nausea.
③ lethargy, drowsiness, headache, lack of concentration.
(3) to identify low blood sugar coma
① before the flustered, cold sweat, nausea feeling, gradually sleeping, it should not be called.
② time in the morning, how is also called the ground, her hair cool, we can see a cold sweat, but found no obvious signs of life is not normal.
③ history of diabetes, oral hypoglycemic agents, in recent days do not normally eat, or diarrhea, vomiting, fever, a gradual emergence of consciousness, trance mind, for the development of the coma.
Diabetic coma principles of first aid
In the past history of diabetes, all of a sudden coma, and no other cause, first of all suspected diabetic coma, and coma may be the emergency first-aid principles.
(1) Lateral Horizontal patients with lateral side of the head to keep airway to remove vomit, to prevent the misuse of attracting from suffocation.
(2) careful observation of changes in the condition if it is found to stop breathing, artificial respiration immediately.
(3) the rapid call "120" emergency calls will be promptly taken to hospital for emergency treatment of patients.
Due to diabetes-induced coma, in addition to the reasons for low blood sugar, blood sugar can cause a significant rise hyperosmolar coma, so in a coma was not clear when the reasons for patients not to be fed sugar water, so as not to add to the disease. And unconscious patients to the syrup to feed easily lead to suffocation or choking.
Diabetic coma first-aid points:
① the past history of diabetes, all of a sudden coma, and no other cause, first of all suspected diabetic coma.
② unconscious by the first-aid principles: to maintain airway and prevent aspiration vomit.
③ call "120" first-aid staff, patients will be sent to the hospital, first of all to check blood sugar in order to determine the direction of the treatment of the disease.
④ Do not feed sugar to the patient in a coma in order to avoid choking or suffocation.
Of the above, there are homes of people with diabetes should keep in mind!
Diabetes after the fall of the first-aid measures
1 to be judged in a coma or sudden death. Usual "health" stable condition, or those who suddenly appeared in 1 hour loss of consciousness, the main artery pulse and fall away, can be found in diabetic patients with heart disease. In the course of treatment of diabetes complicated by hypoglycemia easy coma, ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar nonketotic-coma. In a coma before the general fatigue, anorexia, dizziness, fall. Once the sudden death of the patient should immediately implement the CPR, that is, external cardiac massage, artificial respiration, and so on.
2 is to determine transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke. TIA is the carotid artery, vertebral artery and the main artery in the brain lesions caused by transient ischemic neurological deficit or. TIA patients suffering from diabetes and stroke risk of non-diabetic patients 2-3 times. Stroke usually dizziness, vertigo, the side of the limb weakness, paralysis, such as dyskinesia. For all of a sudden loss of consciousness or fell to the ground, as far as possible should move, should not cling to the patient and shake Youhan in an attempt to awaken the patient. Could be released slowly to sit flat, at the same time carefully to head toward the side in order to prevent misuse of inhaled vomit trachea have suffocated. First aid at the scene, call 120 as soon as possible.
3 to determine whether the fracture. According to statistics, diabetes in 1 / 3 have osteoporosis, and easily lead to vertebral compression fractures, hip or neck fracture, and so on. After the fracture may appear deformed limbs, do not leave the normal activities of the joint, bone or bone rubbing a sense of fricative, and so on. By those who are suspected fracture to deal with fractures: to be quiet, warm, bleeding, pain, prevent shock; with gauze bandage, and then fixed on the spot; suspected fracture of the spine to keep the wounded body motionless, in particular, should be avoided All activities of the spine, no-one head, the other foot, and other non-action. Been fixed immediately transferred to hospital.